全国政府工作报告全文双语（下载）(一)
各位代表：现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。
FellowDeputies,OnbehalfoftheStateCouncil,Iwillnowreporttoyouontheworkofthegovernmentforyourdeliberationandapproval,andIinvitecommentsonmyreportfromthemembersoftheNationalCommitteeoftheChinesePeople'sPoliticalConsultativeConference(CPPCC).
一、工作回顾
I.AReviewoftheWorkin2014
过去一年，我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻。全球经济复苏艰难曲折，主要经济体走势分化。国内经济下行压力持续加大，多重困难和挑战相互交织。
Overthepastyear,theinternationalanddomesticenvironmentsfacedbyChinainitsdevelopmenthavebeencomplicatedandchallenging.Theroadtoglobaleconomicrecoveryhasbeenrough,withmanyupsanddowns,andtheperformanceofthemajoreconomieshasbeenpergent.DownwardPssureonChina'seconomyhascontinuedtomount,andwehavefacedanarrayofinterwovendifficultiesandchallenges.
在以*同志为*的*坚强领导下，全国各族人民万众一心，克难攻坚，完成了全年经济社会发展主要目标任务，全面深化改革实现良好开局，全面推进依法治国开启新征程，全面建成小康社会又迈出坚实步伐。
However,underthefirmleadershipoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)headedbyGeneralSecretaryXiJinping,allourpeoplehaveworkedtogetherasone,surmounteddifficulties,andaccomplishedtheyear'smaintargetsforeconomicandsocialdevelopment,therebyensuringthatwegotofftoagoodstartincomPhensivelydeepeningreform,embarkedonanewjourneytofullyadvancethelaw-basedgovernanceofChina,andagainmadesolidprogressinourendeavortofinishbuildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespects.
一年来，我国经济社会发展总体平稳，稳中有进。“稳”的主要标志是，经济运行处于合理区间。
Duringthepastyear,Chinahas,overall,achievedastableperformancewhileatthesametimesecuringprogressinitseconomicandsocialdevelopment.Themainindicationofthisstableperformanceisthattheeconomyoperatedwithinanappropriaterange.
增速稳，国内生产总值达到63.6万亿元，比上年增长7.4%，在世界主要经济体中名列前茅。
--Thegrowthratewassteady.China'sGDPreached63.6trillionyuan,anincreaseof7.4%overthePviousyear,makingChinaoneofthefastest-growingmajoreconomiesintheworld.
就业稳，城镇新增就业1322万人，高于上年。
--Employmentremainedrobust,with13.22millionnewurbanjobscreated,whichishigherthanthefigureforthePviousyear.
价格稳，居民消费价格上涨2%。“进”的总体特征是，发展的协调性和可持续性增强。
--Priceswerestable,withtheCPIrisingby2%.Theunderlyingfeaturedemonstratingprogressisthatourdevelopmentisbecomingbettercoordinatedandmoresustainable.
经济结构有新的优化，粮食产量达到1.21万亿斤，消费对经济增长的贡献率上升3个百分点，达到51.2%，服务业增加值比重由46.9%提高到48.2%，新产业、新业态、新商业模式不断涌现。
--Theeconomicstructurewasupgraded.Grainoutputreached605millionmetrictons;thecontributionofconsumptiontowardeconomicgrowthrosebythreepercentagepointsto51.2%;thevalueaddedoftheservicesectorincreasedfrom46.9%to48.2%oftheGDP;andtherewasaconstantstreamofnewindustries,newtypesofbusiness,andnewbusinessmodels.Thecentralandwesternregionsgrewfasterineconomictermsthantheeasternregion.
中西部地区经济增速快于东部地区。发展质量有新的提升，一般公共预算收入增长8.6%，研究与试验发展经费支出与国内生产总值之比超过2%，能耗强度下降4.8%，是近年来最大降幅。
--Thequalityofdevelopmentwasraised.Revenueinthegeneralpublicbudgetsgrewby8.6%.Researchanddevelopmentspendingaccountedformorethan2%oftheGDP.Energyintensitywascutby4.8%,thebiggestreductionmadeinrecentyears.
人民生活有新的改善，全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长8%，快于经济增长；农村居民人均可支配收入实际增长9.2%，快于城镇居民收入增长；农村贫困人口减少1232万人；6600多万农村人口饮水安全问题得到解决；出境旅游超过1亿人次。
--People'sliveswereimproved.Percapitadisposablepersonalincomeincreasedby8%inrealtermsnationwide,growingfasterthantheeconomy,andthepercapitadisposableincomeofruralresidentsgrewby9.2%,outpacingthatofthoselivinginurbanareas.Inruralareas,thenumberofpeoplelivinginpovertywasreducedby12.32million,andover66millionmorepeoplegainedaccesstosafedrinkingwater.ThenumberofoutboundtripsmadebyChinesetouristsexceeded100million.
改革开放有新的突破，全面深化改革系列重点任务启动实施，本届政府减少1/3行政审批事项的目标提前实现。
--Newbreakthroughsweremadeinreformandopeningup.AseriesofkeytasksforcomPhensivelydeepeningreformwerelaunched,andthegoalofthecurrentadministrationtocutthenumberofitemsthatrequiregovernmentreviewbyonethirdwasachievedaheadofschedule.
这份成绩单的确来之不易，它凝聚着全国各族人民的心血和汗水，坚定了我们奋勇前行的决心和信心。
Theseachievementshavenotcomeeasily.Theyhavebeenmadepossiblebythepainstakingeffortsandhardworkofallourpeople,andtheyhavestrengthenedourresolveandconfidencetokeeppushingahead.
过去一年，困难和挑战比预想的大。我们迎难而上，主要做了以下工作。
Overthepastyear,wehavefacedmoredifficultiesandchallengesthananticipated.Wehaverisentothechallengeandaccomplishedthefollowinginourwork.
一是在区间调控基础上实施定向调控，保持经济稳定增长。
First,onthebasisofrange-basedmacroregulation,weexercisedtargetedregulationtokeeptheeconomygrowingsteadily.
面对经济下行压力加大态势，我们保持战略定力，稳定宏观经济政策，没有采取短期强刺激措施，而是继续创新宏观调控思路和方式，实行定向调控，激活力、补短板、强实体。把握经济运行合理区间的上下限，抓住发展中的突出矛盾和结构性问题，定向施策，聚焦靶心，精准发力。向促改革要动力，向调结构要助力，向惠民生要潜力，既扩大市场需求，又增加有效供给，努力做到结构调优而不失速。
InthefaceofmountingdownwardeconomicPssure,wemaintainedstrategicfocusandkeptourmacroeconomicpolicyunchanged.Insteadofusingshort-termstimulusmeasures,wecontinuedtodevelopnewideasandmethodsformacroregulation.Weexercisedtargetedregulation,stimulatedmarketactivity,shoredupourweakspots,andboostedtherealeconomy.Withakeenunderstandingoftheappropriaterangewithinwhichtheeconomyneedstobeoperating,weadoptedtargetedstepstoaddresstheseriousissuesandstructuralproblemshinderingdevelopment.Wepromotedreformtogainimpetusfordevelopment,madestructuraladjustmentstoproducesupportfordevelopment,andimprovedlivingstandardstoincreasethepotentialfordevelopment.Webothexpandedmarketdemandandincreasedeffectivesupply,workingtoensurethatstructuraladjustmentsweremadewithoutcompromisingthegrowthrate.
有效实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。实行定向减税和普遍性降费，拓宽小微企业税收优惠政策范围，扩大“营改增”试点。加快财政支出进度，积极盘活存量资金。
Wehavebeeneffectivelyimplementingproactivefiscalpolicyandprudentmonetarypolicy.Weincreasedtargetedtaxreductions,reducedfeesacrosstheboard,extendedthecoverageoftaxreliefpoliciestobenefitmoresmallandmicrobusinesses,andexpandedthetrialstoreplacebusinesstaxwithVATtocovermoreindustries.
灵活运用货币政策工具，采取定向降准、定向再贷款、非对称降息等措施，加大对经济社会发展薄弱环节的支持力度，小微企业、“三农”贷款增速比各项贷款平均增速分别高4.2和0.7个百分点。同时，完善金融监管，坚决守住不发生区域性系统性风险的底线。
Wespeduptheprocessofmakingbudgetaryfundsavailableforfiscalexpendituresandputsurplusbudgetaryfundstogooduse.Byflexiblyutilizingmonetarypolicyinstruments,makingtargetedcutstorequiredreserveratios,carryingouttargetedre-lending,andmakingasymmetricinterestratecuts,westeppedupsupportforweakerareasineconomicandsocialdevelopment.Increasesinloansmadetosmallandmicrobusinesses,andloansforagriculture,ruralareas,andfarmers,outdidtheaverageincreaseinloansoverallby4.2and0.7percentagepointsrespectively.Atthesametime,regulationofthefinancialsectorwasimprovedandregionalandsystemicriskswereforestalled.
二是深化改革开放，激发经济社会发展活力。
Second,wedeepenedreformandopeningupandinvigoratedeconomicandsocialdevelopment.
针对束缚发展的体制机制障碍，我们通过全面深化改革，以释放市场活力对冲经济下行压力，啃了不少硬骨头，经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明等体制改革全面推进。
Toaddressobstructionsholdingbackdevelopmentcausedbycertainsystemsandmechanisms,wecomPhensivelydeepenedreform,invigoratingthemarkettooffsetdownwardeconomicPssure.Wetackledmanytoughissuesandcarriedoutstructuralreformsintheeconomic,political,cultural,societal,andecologicalsectors.
扎实推动重点改革。制定并实施深化财税体制改革总体方案，预算管理制度和税制改革取得重要进展，专项转移支付项目比上年减少1/3以上，一般性转移支付比重增加，地方政府性债务管理得到加强。存款利率和汇率浮动区间扩大，民营银行试点迈出新步伐，“沪港通”试点启动，外汇储备、保险资金运用范围拓展。能源、交通、环保、通信等领域价格改革加快。启动科技资金管理、考试招生、户籍、机关事业单位养老保险制度等改革。
Wehavemadesolidprogressinkeyreforms.Weformulatedandimplementedacoordinatedplanfordeepeningthereformofthefiscalandtaxsystems.Importantprogresswasmadeinthereformofthebudgetarymanagementandtaxsystems.ThenumberofitemsreceivingspecialtransferpaymentswasoveronethirdlessthanthatofthePviousyear,andtheproportionoftransferpaymentsforgeneralpurposeswasincreased.Managementoflocalgovernmentdebtwasstrengthened.Thefloatingrangesofinterestratesondepositsandexchangerateswereexpanded.Newstepsweretakeninthetrialstoestablishprivatebanks.TheShanghai-HongKongStockConnectwaslaunchedonatrialbasis.Thescopeforusingforeignexchangereservesandinsurancefundswasbroadened.Pricereformsinenergy,transport,environmentalprotection,andcommunicationswereaccelerated.Welaunchedreformstothesystemformanagingresearchanddevelopmentfunding,theschoolexaminationandenrollmentsystems,thehouseholdregistrationsystem,andthepensionsystemforemployeesofPartyandgovernmentofficesandpublicinstitutions.
继续把简政放权、放管结合作为改革的重头戏。国务院各部门全年取消和下放246项行政审批事项，取消评比达标表彰项目29项、职业资格许可和认定事项149项，再次修订投资项目核准目录，大幅缩减核准范围。着力改革商事制度，新登记注册市场主体达到1293万户，其中新登记注册企业增长45.9%，形成新的创业热潮。经济增速放缓，新增就业不降反增，显示了改革的巨大威力和市场的无限潜力。
Wehavecontinuedtogivethecentralstageinreformtostreamliningadministrationanddelegatingmorepowerstolower-levelgovernmentsandtosocietyingeneralwhileimprovingregulation.Overthecourseoftheyear,departmentsundertheStateCouncilcancelledtherequirementofordelegatedthepowerforreviewon246items.Wecancelled29performanceeva luations,inspectionsonthemeetingofstandards,andcommendations,and149verificationsandapprovalsofvocationalqualifications.Weagainrevisedandsignificantlyshortenedthelistofinvestmentprojectsrequiringgovernmentreview.Wechanneledgreateffortintothereformofthebusinesssystem.Thenumberofnewlyregisteredmarketentitiesreached12.93million,withthatofenterprisesincreasingby45.9%,creatingafreshsurgeofentrePneurialactivity.Whileeconomicgrowthsloweddown,morejobswerecreated,whichfullydemonstratesboththetremendouspowerofreformandtheendlesspotentialofthemarket.
以开放促改革促发展。扩展上海自由贸易试验区范围，新设广东、天津、福建自由贸易试验区。稳定出口，增加进口，出口占国际市场份额继续提升。实际使用外商直接投资1196亿美元，居世界首位。对外直接投资1029亿美元，与利用外资并驾齐驱。中国与冰岛、瑞士自贸区启动实施，中韩、中澳自贸区完成实质性谈判。铁路、电力、油气、通信等领域对外合作取得重要成果，中国装备正大步走向世界。
Wedrewonfurtheropeninguptoboostreformanddevelopment.WeexpandedtheChina(Shanghai)PilotFreeTradeZoneandestablishedsimilarzonesinGuangdong,Tianjin,andFujian.Weworkedtokeepexportsstableandincreaseimports,andChina'sinternationalmarketshareinexportscontinuedtoincrease.ForeigndirectinvestmentactuallymadeinChinareached$119.6billion,makingthecountrytheworld'stopdestinationforforeigndirectinvestment.China'soutwardforeigndirectinvestmentreached$102.9billion,meaningthatoutwardinvestmenthascometodrawevenwithinwardinvestment.China'sfreetradezonearrangementswithIcelandandSwitzerlandwereofficiallylaunched,andChinacompletedsubstantivetalksonfreetradezoneswiththeRepublicofKoreaandAustralia.Majorprogresswasmadeincooperationwithothercountriesinfieldssuchasrailways,electricpower,oil,naturalgas,andcommunications.Chineseequipmentismakingsignificantstridesintotheinternationalmarket.